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担保方式包括抵押、质押、保证三种。农发行担保贷款多为抵押,其次是质押和保证,经常是几种方式并用。每笔担保贷款的操办与监管,贯穿贷款债务产生至清偿全过程。因此,不仅要在调查、审贷过程中规范各种担保手续,防止贷前留下风险隐患,也必须严格做好贷后担保事项“无风险化”监管工作。从近几年贷款风险排查和对信贷企业贷款抵、质押物品合格、真实、有效性的专项检查情况看,贷款担保操办与监管环节中产生过一些问题和风险隐患。一、风险成因(一)担保方式使用错误。对担保法律认识模糊,不熟悉抵押与质押的法律特征,错把抵押方式作为质押方式对待。农发行
Guarantee methods include mortgages, pledges and guarantees. Agricultural Development Bank secured loans are mostly mortgages, followed by pledges and guarantees, often several ways and use. The operation and supervision of each secured loan runs through the entire loan-to-debt process. Therefore, we must not only regulate various kinds of guarantee formalities in the process of investigation and loan approval, but also keep potential risks hidden before lending. We must also strictly carry out the regulation of post-loan guarantee and risk-free supervision. From the investigation of the loan risks in recent years and the special inspection of the qualified, authentic and effective loan repayments and pledged loans of the credit enterprises, some problems and potential risks have arisen in the operation and supervision of loan guarantees. First, the causes of risk (A) guarantee the use of errors. Vague understanding of the guarantee law, are not familiar with the legal features of the mortgage and pledge, and mistakenly treat the mortgage as a pledge. Agricultural Development Bank