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目的:了解目前我区自然人群中甲、乙、丙、丁、戊五型肝炎病毒的血清学流行状况。方法:按照随机抽样的方法选取两个村(居委会)作为调查点,以户为单位抽取538人作为研究样本。用微粒子酶免法(MEIA)检测抗-HAVIgG、HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc、抗-HCVIgG;采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测抗-HDVIgG和抗-HEVIgG。结果:我区抗-HAV、HBV、抗-HCV、抗-HDV、抗-HEV的标化流行率分别为61.85%、23.21%、1.20%、0.00%和2.04%。抗-HAV的流行率农村高于城镇;抗-HAV、HBV的流行随着年龄的增长而升高;抗-HAV、抗-HCV的流行率女性高于男性,其差别有统计学意义。结论:我区病毒性肝炎的发病率较1992年有较明显降低;乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫管理15年,0岁～15岁儿童的乙肝感染率大幅下降;应加强成人乙肝疫苗的接种工作。
Objective: To understand the prevalence of serotypes of hepatitis A, B, C, D and E in the natural population of our district. Methods: According to the random sampling method, two villages (residential committees) were selected as the investigation points and 538 persons were sampled as the sample. Anti-HAV IgG, HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc and anti-HCVVIg were detected by microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA); anti-HDVIgG and anti-HEVIgG were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Results: The prevalence of anti-HAV, HBV, anti-HCV, anti-HDV and anti-HEV in our district were 61.85%, 23.21%, 1.20%, 0.00% and 2.04%, respectively. The prevalence of anti-HAV was higher in rural areas than in urban areas. The prevalence of anti-HAV and HBV increased with age. The prevalence of anti-HAV and anti-HCV was higher in women than in men, with a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: The incidence of viral hepatitis in our district was significantly lower than that in 1992. Hepatitis B vaccine was significantly reduced after 15 years of planned immunization management in children aged 0-15 years. Hepatitis B vaccination should be strengthened in adults.