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本文以颜文樑早期发表的三篇教育论稿为主线,通过对论稿所涉及的史实求证,力求从中揭示出颜文樑艺术教育思想的形成轨迹,以及探讨他持守的现实主义艺术教育原则和追求艺术教育自立发展的理念。同时,也从一个侧面反映出近代以来我国设计教育的发展历程。《十年回顾》是颜文樑写于20世纪30年代初的一篇重要的艺术教育论稿,是对苏州美专创办十年经验的总结,真实地记载了苏州美专创办十年筚路蓝缕的历程,成为我国早期艺术教育的历史见证。颜文樑发表于1933年底的《从生产教育推想到实用美术之必要》一文,是一篇集中体现他所倡导的实用美术教育思想和办学之路的代表性论稿。文章从各类艺术学校的办学方向考察入手,分析了国内工商业界存在的设计人才短缺的状况,并以苏俄等国工艺技术教育中注重实用美术专业发展的史实为依据,较为透彻地阐述了在国内举办实用美术教育的必要性。颜文樑发表于1936年的《艺术教育今后之趋势》一文,是他教育论稿中比较集中论述设计教育的代表性论稿。在这篇论稿中,颜文樑研究、剖析了西方各国美术教育中注重实用性教学的发展趋势,并详实地列举了当时国外许多美术院校中设有图案科及机织、印刷、动画等实用美术专业课程的状况,对这些专业及课程教学进行分析,敏锐地捕捉到在这些专业教育中所体现出的设计与工商业发展的密切关系,从而揭示出实用美术教育的重要价值,体现了他极力主张培养我国实用美术人材以助生产之发展的特点。
Based on the three educational articles published by Yan Wenliang in the early days, this essay attempts to reveal the trace of Yan Wenliang’s artistic education thoughts through the verification of the historical facts involved in the manuscripts, as well as to explore the realistic art education principle and pursuit of art The concept of independent development of education. At the same time, it also reflects the development course of our country’s design education since the modern times. The Ten-Year Review is an important article on art education written by Yan Wenliang in the early 1930s. It is a summary of 10 years’ experience of establishing Suzhou Fine Arts College and a true account of the history of the establishment of Suzhou Art College for ten years. Became the historical witness of our country’s early art education. Yan Wenliang, published at the end of 1933, “Necessary from Presumption of Production Education to Practical Art,” is a representative draft that focuses on the practical art education ideas and school-running path that he advocates. This article starts with the study of various art schools and analyzes the shortage of design talent in the domestic business community. Based on the historical facts that emphasis on the development of practical art specialty in the arts and technical education of Russia and other countries, the article expounds thoroughly Necessity of conducting practical art education in China. Yan Wenliang published in 1936, “the future trend of art education,” a text is his education thesis is more focused on design education representative draft. In this thesis, Yan Wenliang studied and analyzed the trend of paying attention to practical teaching in the art education in various western countries, and gave a detailed account of the practicalities of many fine arts institutions in the world such as the design department, weaving, printing, animation, etc. The status of art major courses, the analysis of these major and course teaching, acutely capture the close relationship between design and business development embodied in these professional education, revealing the important value of practical art education, showing that he strongly Advocating the cultivation of practical art talent in our country to help the development of production features.