激励是人力资源开发的重要手段,它表现为对人的需求欲望予以适当满足或限制,而实质是人在追求某种既定目标时的愿意程度。从不同角度来看,激励可以划分为物质激励与精神激励、正激励与负激励、内激励与外激励几种类型。然而,在激励过程中无论选择什么样的类型,都有要对激励时机、激励频率、激励程度和激励方向予以适当掌握,因为这些激励机制对激励的效果都有着直接和显著的影响。在激励过程中,只有遵循正确的原则,才能使激励充分发挥其功能。 Incentives are an important means of human resource development. They are manifested in appropriately satisfying or restricting the desire of human beings. The essence is the degree of willingness of people to pursue certain goals. From different perspectives, incentives can be divided into material and spiritual incentives, positive and negative incentives, internal incentives and external incentives of several types. However, no matter what type of choice is made in the process of motivation, there should be a proper grasp of motivation timing, motivation frequency, motivation level and motivation direction, since these motivation mechanisms have a direct and significant effect on the motivation effect. In the process of motivation, only by following the correct principles can motivation give full play to its functions.