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目的了解重庆市某库区县留守中学生的心理健康与社会支持的关系,为农村留守中学生心理健康干预提供可行的建议与措施。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,对重庆市某库区县1 475名留守中学生进行“中学生心理健康评定量表”和“社会支持评定量表”调查。结果留守中学生心理健康阳性发生率为24.20%,其中得分最高的3个因子依次是学习压力(1.94±0.80)、情绪不平衡(1.89±0.07)和适应不良(1.81±0.66)。心理健康检出阴性组社会支持各维度得分均高于阳性组(P值均<0.05)。留守中学生心理健康状况得分与社会支持各维度间呈负相关(P值均<0.05)。结论留守中学生心理健康状况与社会支持间存在一定的相关性。应根据留守中学生的特征,构建适当的社会支持系统以促进学生保持良好的心理健康状态。
Objective To understand the relationship between mental health and social support of left-behind middle-school students in a county in Chongqing, and to provide feasible suggestions and measures for mental health intervention of left-behind middle school students in rural areas. Methods A total of 1 475 left-behind middle-school students in a reservoir district of Chongqing were investigated with the questionnaire “Mental Health Assessment Scale for Middle School Students” and the “Social Support Rating Scale” using multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Results The positive rate of mental health of left-behind middle school students was 24.20%. Among them, the three factors with the highest score were 1.94 ± 0.80, 1.81 ± 0.67 and 1.81 ± 0.66 respectively. The scores of social support in negative mental health group were all higher than those in positive group (P <0.05). There was a negative correlation between the score of mental health status of left-behind middle school students and social support dimensions (all P <0.05). Conclusion There is a certain correlation between the mental health of left-behind middle school students and social support. Should be based on the characteristics of left-behind high school students, to build appropriate social support system to promote students to maintain good mental health.