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一、简况。 陀螺是飞机火控系统和惯性导航系统的关键元件,从五十年代中期开创了以液浮陀螺为心脏的第一代惯性导航系统,直到七十年代初挠性陀螺问世之前,液浮陀螺一直在航空仪表（主要指火控和惯性导航系统）中占着统治地位。一九五八年美国根据当时陀螺仪存在的一些主要问题,开始着手寻求各种新的结构形式的陀螺仪。六十年代初,美国利登公司和卡尔福特公司根据军方和使用部门的要求,集中了一定的研究力量致力于挠性陀螺仪的研制工作,第一批挠性陀螺于一九六六年进行试飞,一九六九年开始投入一批生产,大约生产了二千个以上这样的陀螺,装在KT-70系列平台上用于各种飞机。 一九七三年,美国在法国巴黎航空博览会上,展出了一批以挠性陀螺为心脏的惯性导航系统器件,从而使惯性导航系统第二代,以激光陀螺,静电陀螺为主体的换联式惯性导航系统将成为今后飞机导航系统发展的第三代。据外刊声称,挠性陀螺的发展趋势有可能逐步取代液浮陀螺。西德杂志讲,美国利登公司目前拥有一系列不同精度的挠性陀螺,有的已成批生产,
First, a briefing. Gyro is a key component of aircraft fire control system and inertial navigation system. Since the mid-1950s, the first generation of inertial navigation system with liquid floating gyro as its heart has been developed. Until the advent of flexible gyroscopes in the early 1970s, In aviation instrumentation (mainly refers to the fire control and inertial navigation system) occupy the dominant position. In 1958, the United States began to search for various new structural gyroscopes based on some of the major problems of the then gyroscopes. In the early 1960s, the United States Lideng Company and Calfort Company in accordance with the requirements of the military and the use of departments, focused on a certain amount of research efforts dedicated to the development of flexible gyroscope, the first set of flexible gyro in 1966 Test flights began in 1969, putting into production a batch of more than 2,000 such gyroscopes, which were installed on KT-70 series platforms for various aircraft. In 1973, the United States exhibited a series of inertial navigation system devices with the flexible gyro as the heart at the Paris Aviation Expo in France. As a result, the second generation of inertial navigation systems, with the laser gyro and the electrostatic gyro as the main exchangers The joint inertial navigation system will become the third generation of the future development of the aircraft navigation system. According to foreign newspapers claim that the trend of flexible gyroscope may gradually replace liquid floating gyroscope. West German magazine said that the United States Lideng currently has a series of flexible gyro with different precision, and some have been mass-produced,