目的对高危孕妇孕中期穿刺羊水进行染色体核型分析。方法在无菌条件、B超引导下,对324例孕妇行羊膜腔穿刺术,抽取羊水20 ml,进行羊水细胞培养、制片及G显带进行染色体分析。结果 324例羊水成功培养319例,成功率为98.45%;检出异常核型18例,占5.64%,其中数目异常10例,结构异常8例。结论孕中期羊水细胞染色体核型分析对高危孕妇进行产前诊断具有非常重要的临床价值,可有效减少出生缺陷患儿的出生。 Objective To analyze the chromosomal karyotypes of high-risk pregnant women during the second trimester of pregnancy. Methods A total of 324 pregnant women underwent amniocentesis under aseptic conditions and under the guidance of B ultrasound. 20 ml of amniotic fluid were drawn for amniotic fluid cell culture, production and G banding. Results 324 cases of amniotic fluid were successfully cultured in 319 cases with a success rate of 98.45%. There were 18 cases of abnormal karyotype detected, accounting for 5.64%, of which 10 cases were abnormal and 8 cases were abnormal in structure. Conclusion The chromosomal karyotypic analysis of amniotic fluid cells during the second trimester has very important clinical value in prenatal diagnosis of high-risk pregnant women, which can effectively reduce the birth of children with birth defects.