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针对我国现行法律法规对强制许可制度的规定,本文立意探讨该制度背后的法理基础。首先,本文较为深入地探讨该制度的法律特征,重点探讨专利强制许可制度下私法上缔约自由的命运以及专利行政机关在此制度中的角色定位;进而,本文对强制许可制度进行理念分析,在分析其公共利益的法理基础上指出强制许可制度为政府干预经济的一种表现;最后,在比较我国专利法上的强制许可与美国法上的非自愿许可的特点以及评析我国近年来在专利强制许可上的有关立法的基础上,建议采用制度明晰化的准司法方式规范与强制许可相关的行政权,并实现强制许可制度的有效运作。
In view of the provisions of the current laws and regulations on compulsory licensing system in our country, this article intends to discuss the legal basis behind the system. First of all, this article probes into the legal features of the system in more detail, focusing on the fate of the freedom of contract in private law under the compulsory patent licensing system and the role of the patent administration in the system. Furthermore, this article analyzes the concept of compulsory licensing system, On the basis of the analysis of the law of its public interest, it points out that the compulsory licensing system is a manifestation of government intervention in the economy. Finally, comparing the compulsory licensing in China’s patent law with the involuntary licensing in American law, On the basis of the relevant legislation on licensing, it is proposed to regulate the administrative power related to compulsory licensing by means of a quasi-judicial system with a clear system and achieve the effective operation of the compulsory licensing system.