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目的探讨美洲大蠊粗浸液是否致SD大鼠哮喘。方法 30只雌性SD大鼠随机分为3组(每组10只),即对照(PBS)组,卵清蛋白(OVA)组和美洲大蠊粗浸液组。于第0、7、14及21天用OVA大鼠皮下注射致敏,而从第22天到第28天用OVA液对大鼠进行雾化吸入激发,每天1次,每次30 min;对照组、美洲大蠊粗浸液组分别相应用PBS、美洲大蠊粗浸液进行致敏和激发试验。ELISA检测大鼠血清中总IgE及IL-4水平,HE染色观察大鼠肺部组织的改变,免疫组化检测肺嗜酸粒细胞(eosinophils,EOS)B淋巴细胞瘤/白血病-2(B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2,Bcl-2)的表达。结果与对照组相比,OVA组和美洲大蠊粗浸液组的血清中总IgE及IL-4含量均显著升高(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,OVA组和美洲大蠊粗浸液组HE染色的肺组织气道壁黏膜、黏膜下、肺间质和小血管周围可见大量的炎性细胞浸润;肺间质及肺泡腔内可见嗜酸性粒细胞;黏膜明显充血水肿;气道黏膜层及黏膜下层明显增厚;杯状细胞增生,上皮细胞坏死、脱落,气道内有黏液栓及脱落的黏膜上皮,支气管黏膜皱襞增多卷曲,官腔狭窄。与对照组相比,OVA组和美洲大蠊粗浸液组的肺组织Bcl-2蛋白表达均为显著升高(P<0.01)。结论用美洲大蠊粗浸液成功建立了SD大鼠哮喘动物模型。
Objective To investigate whether the crude extract of Periplaneta americana causes asthma in SD rats. Methods Thirty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (10 in each group): control group (PBS), ovalbumin (OVA) group and American cockroach crude extract group. OVA rats were sensitized subcutaneously on days 0, 7, 14 and 21, while rats were challenged with nebulized OVA solution from day 22 to day 28 once a day for 30 min each; controls Group, the American cockroach rough immersion liquid group respectively correspondingly with PBS, American cockroach rough immersion for sensitization and challenge test. The levels of total IgE and IL-4 in serum of rats were detected by ELISA, the changes of lung tissue were observed by HE staining, the expressions of eosinophils (B-cell lymphoma) / leukemia-2 (B- cell lymphoma / leukemia-2, Bcl-2). Results Compared with the control group, the levels of serum total IgE and IL-4 in OVA group and American Perilla frutescens crude extract group were significantly increased (P <0.01). Compared with the control group, a significant amount of inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the airway wall mucosa, submucosa, interstitium and small blood vessels in the OVA group and the control group. The lung interstitial and alveolar space Eosinophils were seen in the mucosa; congestion and edema appeared in the mucosa; airway mucosa and submucosa were significantly thicker; goblet cell hyperplasia, necrosis and shedding of epithelial cells with mucus plug and exfoliated mucosal epithelium in the airways, increased crimp of bronchial mucosa , Narrow officialdom. Compared with the control group, the expression of Bcl-2 protein in lung tissue of OVA group and American Perilla frutescens crude extract group were significantly increased (P <0.01). Conclusion The animal model of asthma in SD rats was established successfully by using the crude extract of Periplaneta americana.