在2000年前,商业学者、专家和企业界关注的焦点都是企业的竞争能力,所有有关商业战略的文献,都聚焦于建立公司的竞争能力,而影响最深是著名管理学教授迈克尔·波特的价值链理论及五力模型。迄今为止,许多企业领导者都还没有意识到,过分注重价值链理论,也是造成历史上企业不能持续发展的原因之一。波特的理论是企业家把战略思想 By 2000, the focus of business scholars, experts, and businesses was on the competitive edge of the business. All the literature on business strategy focused on building the competitiveness of the company, with the deepest impact being the famous management professor Michael Porter Value chain theory and five forces model. To date, many business leaders have not yet realized that over-emphasis on the value chain theory is also one of the reasons why businesses in history can not sustainably develop. Porter’s theory is that entrepreneurs put strategic thinking