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文章引进非饱和黄土基质吸力的概念,建立各向同性对称平面问题的弹塑性解,解释了非饱和黄土隧道结构出现的病害原因是土体的含水量增加,并指出非饱和黄土隧道(软岩隧道也在内)应以排水为主,注意保护土体的基质吸力,结构设计时应以土体饱和状态力学参数作为计算指标。用有限元数值模拟祁家大山隧道因土体含水量增加,而围岩应力、位移、塑性区范围、破坏接进度等增大过程,说明祁家大山隧道结构损坏主要是排水不畅。综合西部已建黄土隧道防排水效果调研,集中反映出隧道排水系统顺畅是关键,同时充分考虑洞身防水与地表水的堵、截。对研究黄土隧道防排水结构的适应性是非常必要的。
This paper introduces the concept of matric suction of unsaturated loess and establishes the elastoplastic solution to the isotropic symmetric plane problem. It explains that the reason of the disease in the unsaturated loess tunnel structure is the increase of water content in the soil, and points out that the unsaturated loess tunnel Tunnels are also included) should be mainly drainage, pay attention to protect the soil matrix suction, structural design should be saturated soil mechanical parameters as a calculation index. Finite element simulation of Qijia Dashan tunnel due to soil moisture content increases, while the surrounding rock stress, displacement, plastic zone range, failure to join the degree of increase, indicating that the main structural failure Qijia Dashan tunnel is poor drainage. Based on the investigation of the waterproof and drainage effects of the loess tunnel built in western China, it is the key to reflect the smoothness of the tunnel drainage system. At the same time, full consideration should be given to the waterproofing and surface water blocking and cutting of the tunnel body. It is necessary to study the adaptability of drainage and drainage structure of loess tunnel.