一九七六年底,西德哈森克勒弗尔公司制成一台据称是世界上最大的立式辊锻机(实际上是坯料垂直送进——译者),其外观见图1。毛坯重量220公斤、直径250毫米、长1450毫米.在辊锻前,还有两次压料工步,将圆棒坯压扁(图3)。紧接着进行五道辊锻。在两个模膛之间,工件翻转90°,第1、3、5模膛用于拔长,第2、4模膛用于确定宽度和成形叶片尾部的锥形部分。该机总重330吨,长12米,宽8.5米,高10米,锻模直径1500毫米,锻辊工作长度约1800毫米。在这台机器上可以加工长3米、宽0.4米、厚为22～90毫米的铝合金螺旋浆叶片(图2)。辊锻前,坯料要加热到400℃,因而模具应先用加热器予热到200℃。对铝而言,这个 At the end of 1976, the West German Haas Klöffel company made a purportedly the world’s largest vertical roll forging machine (actually vertical billet feed), the appearance of Figure 1. The billet weighs 220 kg and has a diameter of 250 mm and a length of 1450 mm. There are also two debinding steps before the roll forging to flatten the billet (Figure 3). Followed by five roll forging. Between the two cavities, the workpieces are turned 90 °, the first, third and fifth dies are used for drawing, and the second and fourth molds are used for determining the width and the conical part of the tail of the forming blade. The aircraft weighs 330 tons, 12 meters long, 8.5 meters wide, 10 meters high, forging die diameter 1500 mm, forging work length of about 1800 mm. In this machine can be processed 3 meters long, 0.4 meters wide and 22 ~ 90 mm thick aluminum propeller blades (Figure 2). Before roll forging, the blank should be heated to 400 ℃, so the mold should be preheated to 200 ℃ with a heater. For aluminum, this one