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本文研究了具有复阻尼多自由度结构系统的识别问题。提出了一种基于复模态分析的识别方法，该方法通过构造各阶模态参数的灵敏度矩阵来形成海赛矩阵，将识别问题归结成一新变量（参数）集下的无约束优化问题。本方法具有物理力学意义明确，算法简捷，能自动实现模型定阶，收敛快，识别精度高且数据工作量小等特点。为了说明本方法的效果，一大型复杂结构的识别实例及比较结果在文中给出。本研究分线性和非线性两部分；非线性识别问题将在另一篇文中讨论。
This paper studies the identification problem of a complex damping multi-degree-of-freedom system. A method based on complex modal analysis is proposed. This method forms the Hessian matrix by constructing the sensitivity matrix of each modal parameter, and the recognition problem is reduced to an unconstrained optimization problem under a new variable (parameter) set. The method has the advantages of clear physical and mechanical significance, simple algorithm, automatic model realization, rapid convergence, high recognition accuracy, and low data workload. To illustrate the effectiveness of the method, an identification example of a large complex structure and comparison results are given in the text. This study is divided into two parts: linear and nonlinear; the problem of nonlinear identification will be discussed in another article.