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【阅读材料】 资禀与修养(节选) 朱光潜 天生的是资禀,造作的是修养;(①)是潜能,是种子;(①)使潜能实现,使种子发芽成树,开花结实。(①)不是我们自己力量所能控制的,(①)却全靠自家的努力。在文学方面,修养包涵极广,举其大要,约有三端: 第一是人品的修养。人品与文品的关系是美学家争辩最烈的问题,我们在这里只能说一个梗概。从一方面说,人品与文品似无必然的联系。魏文帝早已说过:(“②”)刘彦和在《文心雕龙·程器》篇里一口气就数了一二十个没有品行的文人,齐梁以后有许多更显著的例,像冯延已、严嵩、阮大铖之流还不在内。在克罗齐派的美学家看,这也并不足为奇。艺术的活动出于直觉,道德的活动出于意志;一为超实用的,一
【Reading Materials】 资禀和修修(节节) Zhu Guangqian Naturally, it is a talented person. It is cultivated. (1) It is a potential, it is a seed. (1) It is the realization of potential that makes the seed germinate into a tree. (1) It is not our own power that can control it. (1) It depends on its own efforts. In terms of literature, cultivation is very extensive and it takes a lot of emphasis. There are about three ends: The first is the cultivation of character. The relationship between character and literature is the most fierce debate among aestheticians. We can only say one outline here. On the one hand, there seems to be no necessary connection between character and literature. Wei Wendi had already said: “(2)) Liu Yanhe counted a dozen literati with no moral character in the article ”Wen Xin Diao Long Cheng Zhi". Qi Liang later had many more notable examples. The flow of Feng Yanyan, Yan Yan, and Yan Dazhao is not yet included. This is not surprising given the Crozet aestheticians. The activity of art is out of intuition, moral activity is out of the will; one is super practical, one