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采用两步碱催化法探讨了尿素(U)、三聚氰胺(M)和无机黏土等对酚醛树脂(PF)胶粘剂性能的影响。结果表明:适宜的n(甲醛)∶n(苯酚)比例是3.00∶1或2.00∶1;尿素改性可降低PF胶粘剂的生产成本,但其粘接强度减弱;三聚氰胺改性可提高PF胶粘剂的粘接强度,但其成本较高;无机黏土的加入可改善PMUF(苯酚-三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛共聚树脂)、PUF(苯酚-尿素-甲醛共聚树脂)胶粘剂的粘接强度,降低两者的成本,但其质量分数应低于5%(相对于苯酚而言),其最佳用量还有待于进一步探索;采用三聚氰胺和尿素共同改性PF胶粘剂,合成的PMUF胶粘剂既具有相对较低的价格,又具有相对较好的综合性能。
The effects of urea (U), melamine (M) and inorganic clay on the properties of phenolic resin (PF) adhesives were investigated by two-step base catalysis. The results showed that the suitable n (formaldehyde): n (phenol) ratio was 3.00:1 or 2.00:1. The urea modification could reduce the production cost of PF adhesive, but its adhesive strength decreased. The melamine modification could improve the adhesiveness of PF adhesive But the cost is high. Addition of inorganic clay can improve the bonding strength between PMUF (phenol-melamine-urea-formaldehyde copolymer resin) and PUF (phenol-urea-formaldehyde copolymer resin) , But its mass fraction should be less than 5% (relative to phenol), its optimal dosage needs to be further explored. Melamine and urea co-modified PF adhesive, the synthetic PMUF adhesive has a relatively low price, Also has a relatively good overall performance.