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针对受相机视场和转台范围的限制,空间监视卫星可能无法对特定重要LEO目标进行有效观测的问题,提出在接近前根据卫星和目标的相对位置对卫星姿态进行预先调整的方法。通过分析卫星与目标接近期间的方位角和高低角变化情况,得到可用的卫星姿态调整角。用Powell方法以可观测时长为指标对姿态调整角进行了优化,并给出了优化初值的确定方法。仿真结果表明姿态优化能有效提高卫星对目标的可观测时长,方便确定卫星姿态调整角,提高观测能力。
In view of the limitation of camera field and turntable range, space surveillance satellites may not be able to effectively observe certain important LEO targets, and propose a method of pre-adjusting satellite attitude according to the relative positions of satellites and targets before approaching. By analyzing the change of azimuth and elevation angle during satellite and target approach, available satellite attitude adjustment angles are obtained. Powell method was used to optimize the attitude adjustment angle based on observable duration, and the method of determining the initial value of optimization was given. The simulation results show that the attitude optimization can effectively improve the observable duration of the satellite to the target, facilitate the determination of the satellite attitude adjustment angle and improve the observation capability.