休克时细胞功能和结构的改变最早发生于细胞膜水平。Shires等将超微电极放在狗横纹肌细胞内测定膜电位,发现狗在严重出血性休克时膜电位由-90mV降至-60mV。他们并将微量吸管放在肌肉周围的组织间隙取样,测出在休克120分钟后钾高达15～18毫克当量/升。证明钾由细胞内 Shock cell function and structure changes occurred at the earliest at the cell membrane level. Shires et al. Measured the membrane potential in dog striated cells by using a microelectrode and found that the membrane potential of the dog decreased from -90 mV to -60 mV during severe hemorrhagic shock. They also placed micropipets in tissue interstitial spaces around the muscles and measured that potassium was as high as 15 to 18 milliequivalents / liter after 120 minutes of shock. Prove potassium by intracellular