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伊朗因为地缘战略的重要意义,成为东西方两大阵营对抗和争夺的前沿阵地。第二次世界大战以后的伊朗政治社会发展与变迁大都与这一国际背景密切相关。美、英一手策划和制造的“八一九”政变,对伊朗以后的历史造成了极为深远的影响。20世纪60年代以后,由于第三世界话语和阿尔及利亚革命、古巴革命等国际因素的促动,特别是1963年对和平学生的残酷镇压以后,伊朗的左翼运动迅速向“左”转,游击战争、武装斗争、暴力革命等思想逐渐在左翼派别,特别是青年学生中占据主流。但是,由于巴列维王朝的政治垄断和高压,各种社会思潮唯有穿上宗教的外衣,才能够生存。这为宗教势力在意识形态和革命中最终居于领导与支配地位,从客观上创造了思想上的便利条件。在伊斯兰革命中,左翼的声音和主张逐渐被宗教声音所淹没和替代,左翼对宗教领袖和伊斯兰革命持同情、理解与支持的态度,因而从另一个侧面对伊斯兰革命的成功作出贡献。
Because of the importance of geostationary strategy, Iran has become the forefront of the confrontation and struggle between the two camps. The political and social development and changes in Iran after World War II are mostly closely related to this international background. The August 1989 coup planned and manufactured by the United States and Britain has had a profound and far-reaching impact on the history of Iran since its inception. After the 1960s, Iran’s left-wing movement quickly shifted from the “left” to the guerrilla warfare after the cruel suppression of peace students in 1963, driven by the international factors such as the Third World discourse and the Algerian revolution and the Cuban revolution. The ideas of armed struggle and violent revolution gradually dominate the left wing, especially the young students. However, due to the political monopoly and pressure of the Pahlavi dynasty, various social trends of thought can survive only if they are put on a religious outer garment. This finally led and dominates the religious forces in ideology and revolution and objectively created ideological conditions for convenience. In the Islamic revolution, the voice and proposition of the left were gradually submerged and replaced by religious voices, and the sympathetic, understanding and supportive attitude of the left wing to the religious leaders and the Islamic revolution contributed to the success of the Islamic revolution on the other side.