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针对毛乌素沙地光伏电站项目,观测项目区的风速、风速廓线及风速流场特征,探讨有效的风蚀防治措施及其合理布局。结果表明:(1)太阳能板的存在使项目区风速流场的空间分布发生了明显变化,显著增加了板间近地面出风口处的风速,降低了板间远地面进风口处的风速,太阳能板间呈现出明显的掏蚀区和堆积区。(2)与项目区外围相比,太阳能板使20cm及200cm高度的风速分别降低了44.06%及63.68%。项目区外围及太阳能板正中间风速随高度的增加均呈上升趋势,而且太阳能板间60cm高度以下风速增加更明显,不利于地表沙土的固定。(3)项目区外围麦草方格沙障、砾石压盖及红泥覆盖均起到一定的固沙作用,其中,以砾石压盖措施的固沙效果最优。(4)太阳能板间,除麦草方格沙障外,其余各措施均能起到固沙作用,其中以掏蚀区+砾石/堆积区+红泥覆盖的组合措施的固沙效果最优。
For the Mu Us desert photovoltaic power plant project, the wind speed, wind speed profile and wind speed flow field characteristics of the project area are observed, and effective wind erosion prevention and control measures and reasonable layout are discussed. The results show that: (1) The presence of solar panels changes the spatial distribution of the wind speed and flow field in the project area significantly, which increases the wind speed at the near-surface air outlets and reduces the wind speed at the inlet of the far-surface airplanes. The solar energy Plate showed a clear cut-off area and accumulation area. (2) Compared with the periphery of the project area, the solar panels reduced the wind speed at height of 20cm and 200cm by 44.06% and 63.68% respectively. The wind speed in the periphery of the project area and in the middle of the solar panel all showed an upward trend with the increase of the height. Moreover, the wind speed below the height of 60 cm between the solar panels increased more obviously, which was unfavorable to the fixation of the surface sand. (3) The sandy barricades, gravel grates and red muddy mulch covered by wheat straw outside the project area all play a role in sand fixation. Among them, the gravel gland has the best sand fixation effect. (4) Among the solar panels, all the measures except for the grid of sand and grain of wheatgrass can play the role of sand fixation. Among them, the combination of cutting + gravel / accumulation area + red mud has the best effect of fixing sand.