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目的总结三平面正交法及特殊切面法在胎儿唇腭裂诊断的临床应用情况。方法对产前应用三平面正交法及特殊切面法检出的110例唇腭裂胎儿超声声像图特征及产后随访结果进行分析。结果 110例唇腭裂胎儿中,仅获得三平面正交法切面图像的胎儿36例(32.7%,36/110),获得三平面正交法切面及特殊切面图像的胎儿74例(67.3%,74/110)。产前超声显示鼻唇冠状切面110例(100%,110/100);显示正中矢状切面84例(76.4%,84/110);显示上牙槽横切面96例(87.3%,96/110);显示经旁正中矢状切面28例(25.5%,28/110);显示经梨状孔切面47例(42.7%,47/110);显示经下颌或下唇或颌下三角切面45例(40.0%,45/110);显示经面颊斜横切面16例(14.5%,16/110)。经三平面正交法或三平面正交法加特殊切面法明确诊断胎儿唇腭裂104例(94.5%,104/110)。受胎儿体位或羊水过少影响,6例(5.5%,6/110)胎儿唇/腭裂产前未明确诊断。结论产前应用三平面正交法及特殊切面法能有效、明确诊断胎儿唇腭裂,且有助于提高胎儿唇腭裂产前超声诊断准确性。
Objective To summarize the clinical application of the three-plane orthogonal method and the special section method in the diagnosis of cleft lip and palate. Methods Prenatal application of three-plane orthogonal method and the special section method to detect 110 cases of cleft lip and palate fetal ultrasound sonographic features and postpartum follow-up results were analyzed. Results Among the 110 cases of cleft lip and palate fetus, only 36 fetuses (32.7%, 36/110) obtained three-plane orthographic images and 74 fetuses (67.3%, 74) obtained three-plane orthogonal and special sectional images / 110). Prenatal ultrasound showed 110 cases (100%, 110/100) of the nasolabial coronal section; 84 cases (76.4%, 84/110) showed the median sagittal section; 96 cases (87.3%, 96/110) ); 28 cases (25.5%, 28/110) of the paracentescent mid-sagittal section were shown; 47 cases (42.7%, 47/110) of the pear-shaped section were observed; 45 cases showed the mandibular or lower lip or the submandibular triangular section (40.0%, 45/110); 16 cases (14.5%, 16/110) of oblique transection were shown. 104 cases (94.5%, 104/110) of cleft lip and palate were diagnosed correctly by three-plane orthogonal method or three-plane orthogonal method plus special section method. Affected by fetal position or oligohydramnios, 6 cases (5.5%, 6/110) fetus cleft lip / cleft palate prenatal diagnosis is not clear. Conclusion The prenatal application of the three-plane orthogonal method and the special section method can effectively diagnose fetal cleft lip and palate and help to improve the accuracy of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of fetal cleft lip and palate.