小麦(Triticum aestivum L.和T.turgidum Var.durum)产量的遗传潜力及其对生产力的影响,需要对过去和将来产量增加的测定来加以证实.本研究即通过对1979-1984年美国几个州(这几个州内几种主要小麦类型均有种植)小麦产量的估测,提供了这方面的资料.为了测定各州遗传改良提高的小麦产量,估算了几种类型小麦栽培品种的差额生产力(DYA,即供试品种与对照品种产量的均差)值,并对播种面积进行了加权.结果表明,5年内,各州春小麦的增产幅度为44kg/ha(蒙大拿州)至88kg/ha(南达科他州);硬质红粒冬小麦区增产幅度为40kg/ha(南达科他州)至199kg/ha(内布拉斯加州);软质小麦产量的提高幅度在玉米带各州为221-438kg/ha,华盛顿州为151kg/ha.作者断定,8O年代前半期通过遗传改良,小麦籽粒产量不断地得到提高,并由此推断,它将以与此大体相同的速率继续增长. The genetic potential of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. and T. turgidum Var.durum) yields and their impact on productivity need to be confirmed by the measurement of past and future increases in production.This study is based on the analysis of several This information is provided in the estimates of wheat production in several states (of which several major wheat types are planted in these states.) To determine the improved wheat yield for genetic improvement in each state, the differential productivity of several types of wheat cultivars (DYA, that is, the average difference between the yield of tested and control varieties), and weighted the sown area.The results showed that in five years, the yield of spring wheat increased from 44kg / ha (Montana) to 88kg / ha (South Dakota); hard reddish winter wheat increased by 40 kg / ha (South Dakota) to 199 kg / ha (Nebraska); soft wheat yields increased by 221-438 kg / ha in the corn belt states Washington State is 151 kg / ha. The authors conclude that by genetic improvement in the first half of the 1980s, the grain yield of wheat was continuously increased and it was deduced therefrom that it would continue to grow at roughly the same rate.