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目的研究微波场对微生物DNA的作用,了解微波杀菌机理。方法用免疫电泳法和基因扩增法对经微波照射处理悬液内指标菌DNA进行检测,观察其损伤情况,并与普通煮沸加热法作平行比较。结果经微波加热沸腾和非沸腾状态处理的微生物,总DNA条带出现弥散或缺失。微波场铜网屏蔽和煮沸加热处理的微生物,总DNA条带无缺失现象。微波场照射处理枯草芽孢杆菌黑色变种和大肠杆菌,在温度升至72℃时,非连续处理后DNA条带无损伤现象;在温度上升到85℃时,非连续处理后DNA条带明显减弱。结论微波场对微生物DNA有损伤作用,温度升高或作用时间延长微波对微生物DNA的破坏作用增加,提示微波场对微生物的作用存在非热效应,也存在热效应。
Objective To study the effect of microwave field on microbial DNA and to understand the mechanism of microwave sterilization. Methods Immuno-electrophoresis and gene amplification were used to detect the DNA of indicator bacteria in the suspension after microwave irradiation. The damage of the bacteria was observed and compared with the normal boiling-heating method. Results The microorganisms treated by microwave heating in boiling and non-boiling state diffused or deleted the total DNA bands. Microwave field copper screen and boiled heat treatment of microorganisms, the total DNA bands without missing phenomenon. When the temperature was raised to 72 ℃, the DNA bands were not damaged after microwave irradiation. When the temperature was raised to 85 ℃, the DNA bands were obviously weakened after the discontinuous treatment. Conclusion The microwave field has a damaging effect on microbial DNA. The effect of microwave temperature on the DNA damage of microorganisms increases with the increase of temperature or time, which indicates that there is a non-thermal effect and a thermal effect on the microorganisms in the microwave field.