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霍乱毒素(cholera toxin,CT)是霍乱弧菌分泌的一种不耐热肠毒素,既是强黏膜免疫原,又具有很强的黏膜佐剂活性,是当今研究最多且最深入的黏膜免疫佐剂之一。然而,由于CT其毒性,限制了在人体的使用。很多研究致力于使CT的佐剂性与毒性分离,CT亚基的佐剂性的研究就是方向之一。困扰黏膜疫苗的一个重要问题是很多抗原的黏膜免疫原性较弱,不能刺激有效的免疫反应,这也与黏膜免疫耐受有关,以CT为佐剂能消除机体对这些共免疫原的耐受。
Cholera toxin (CT) is a heat-labile enterotoxin secreted by Vibrio cholerae, which is a strong mucosal immunogen and has strong mucosal adjuvant activity. It is the most studied and most in-depth mucosal immune adjuvant one. However, due to the toxicity of CT, the use in the human body is limited. Much research has been devoted to the separation of adjuvant and toxicity of CT, and one of the directions for the adjuvant CT subunit research. An important problem plaguing mucosal vaccines is that many of the mucosal immunogenicities of many antigens are weak and do not stimulate an effective immune response, which is also related to mucosal immune tolerance. Using CT as an adjuvant can eliminate the body’s tolerance to these co-immunogens .