社会主义发展的长期性和阶段性,是科学社会主义诞生以来困扰各国共产党的一个重大问题。社会主义改造完成前后的一段时间内,毛泽东依据马克思主义基本原理,结合中国的社会主义建设实践,明确提出了这一问题,并对之进行了艰辛的探索。其中既有成功的经验,也有失败的教训。 The long-term and phased development of socialism is a major issue disturbing the Communist parties in various countries since the birth of scientific socialism. In a period of time before and after the completion of socialist transformation, Mao Zedong explicitly put forward this issue and conducted a painstaking exploration based on the basic principles of Marxism combined with China’s socialist construction practice. There are both successful experiences and failed lessons.