回顾中国两千多年的文化史,古代文人一直将“穷则独善其身,达则兼济天下”作为人生的座右铭。当文人士大夫遭遇仕途挫折,才华不得施展,便会选择退而求其次,或著书立说,育人子弟;或隐居山林,寄情山水;或书墨相伴,舞弄丹青。中国古代有不少文人士大夫由于仕途不得志而逐渐成为书画家。这种现象在元代更为明显,这是因为蒙古族文化的介入以及文人的社会地位的下降,其原有的人格、仕途理想遭到摧毁,于是无奈之下只能选择归隐山林、享受田 Looking back on the two centuries of cultural history in China, ancient literati have always regarded the motto of “being poor and living alone, attaining and benefiting the world.” When the literati and doctor suffer career setbacks, talent can not be cast, they will choose to retreat and seek second, or book legislation, educate their children; or seclusion of mountains and forests, send love landscape; In ancient China, quite a number of scholars and literati gradually became calligraphers because of their poor career. This phenomenon is more obvious in the Yuan Dynasty because of the involvement of Mongolian culture and the decline of the social status of the literati. Their original personality and career ideal were destroyed.