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人们一般习惯于把人类社会分成原始社会、奴隶社会和封建社会等几个历史阶段。这是受马克思学说的影响以生产关系或阶级关系为依据划分的。如果以生产力水平以及与此相联系的经济结构作为标准,人类文明史可以划分为渔猎时代、农业时代、工业时代和信息时代。从局部来看,不同国家和地区跨入工业时代的步伐明显表现出不一致的特点。但从近现代世界发展的总体趋势来看,以蒸汽机的发明和使用为标志,人类告别了农业时代,跨入了工业时代。
People are generally accustomed to dividing human society into several historical stages, such as primitive society, slave society and feudal society. This is divided by the influence of Marxist theory on the basis of relations of production or class. If the level of productivity and the economic structure associated with this as a standard, the history of human civilization can be divided into hunting and fishing era, the agricultural era, the industrial era and the information age. From a local perspective, the pace at which different countries and regions stepped into the industrial age obviously showed inconsistent characteristics. However, judging from the general trend of the development of the modern world and the invention and use of steam engines, humans have bid farewell to the agricultural age and entered the industrial age.