所谓教学方法,按其本义来讲,理应包括教的方法和学的方法。它是教师和学生二位一体的活动,两者是相互联系、相互制约、相互依存的,这就是教学方法的本质。事实证明,在历史学科的教学改革中只搞单一的教法改革是片面的,改也是无针对性的、盲目的,而且也不能深入持久。因此,必须把改革教法与指导学习方法同步进行。即教师在传授知识的同时,也要传授掌握知识的方式、方法,学生在转变学习观的基础上主动改变自己的学习方法,使“教”与“学”两者真正有机地结合起来。目前,国内教育界把教学方法一般归纳为四种体系,把历史教学法概括成两种流派。就是讲授方 The so-called teaching method, according to its original meaning, should include teaching methods and learning methods. It is the activity of the teacher and the student as a whole. The two are interrelated, mutually restrictive, and interdependent. This is the nature of the teaching method. Facts have proved that only a single reform of the teaching method in the teaching reform of the historical discipline is one-sided, and the reform is also untargeted and blind, and it cannot be sustained in depth. Therefore, the reform teaching method must be synchronized with the instructional learning method. That is to say, when teachers impart knowledge, they must also impart the methods and methods of mastering knowledge. Students change their learning methods on the basis of changing their learning concepts, so that “teaching” and “learning” are truly organically combined. At present, the domestic education circles generally classify the teaching methods into four systems and summarize the history teaching methods into two schools. Is teaching