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目的分析石河子大学维吾尔和哈萨克族大学生在校期间膳食营养状况。方法采用24 h回顾法与称重法相结合,了解石河子大学维吾尔与哈萨克族大学生在校期间膳食结构、能量及各营养素摄入状况。结果维吾尔和哈萨克族大学生在校期间膳食构成以谷类为主,蔬菜水果、鱼虾类及奶类摄入量明显偏低。这些食物摄入量偏低也导致了膳食纤维、维生素A、硫胺素、核黄素、维生素C、叶酸和钙摄入不足。维吾尔族男生粮谷类和部分动物性食物摄入量高于哈萨克族,哈萨克族男生豆类豆制品摄入量高于维吾尔族男生。维吾尔族女生粮谷类、乳类及乳制品和其他食品的摄入量高于哈萨克族。在各营养素方面,维吾尔族女生能量、维生素A、钙摄入量高于哈萨克族女生。结论石河子大学维吾尔和哈萨克族大学生在校期间膳食构成有很大的相似之处,普遍存在膳食结构不合理以及严重的维生素和钙的摄入不足问题,应充分重视少数民族大学生的食物消费及膳食结构对其健康状况产生的影响,积极倡导合理饮食。
Objective To analyze the dietary status of Uighur and Kazak college students in Shihezi University during their school years. Methods 24 h retrospective and weight method were combined to understand the dietary structure, energy and nutrient intakes of Uighur and Kazak college students in Shihezi University. Results The Uyghur and Kazak college students mainly consisted of cereals during their school days, with significantly lower intake of fruits and vegetables, fish, shrimp and milk. Low intake of these foods also leads to inadequate dietary fiber, vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin C, folic acid and calcium. Uyghur boys eat cereals and some animal foods more than Kazakhs, while Kazak boys have higher intake of soy beans than Uyghur boys. Uyghur girls consume more cereals, milk, dairy products and other foods than Kazakhs. In each nutrient, Uygur girls energy, vitamin A, calcium intake than Kazakh girls. Conclusions The composition of diet of Uyghur and Kazak students in Shihezi University is similar to that of other students in Shihezi University. Unevenness of dietary structure and inadequate intake of vitamins and calcium are common problems. Students should pay enough attention to food consumption and diet of ethnic college students Structure of their health status, and actively promote a reasonable diet.