一、前言 对杀伤兵器的破坏作用具有一定防护能力的工程结构物称为防护结构。防护结构连同它的一系列配套设施(如通风、供电、伪装等)构成了为实现一定战略战术目的的防护工程(如地下掩蔽部、人防地下室等)。它总是随着兵器的发展而发展的。早在刀枪箭戟的冷兵器时代,由于攻击兵器的破坏力有限,以高墙深沟为特徵的筑城体系延续了几千年。火炮(光膛)出现后,高大的城墙开始演 First, the preface to the destructive role of anti-weapons has a certain degree of protection of the engineering structure known as the protective structure. Protective structures, together with a wide range of ancillary facilities such as ventilation, electricity supply, camouflage, etc., constitute protective works (such as underground shelters, civil air defense basements, etc.) for achieving strategic and tactical purposes. It always develops with the development of weapons. As early as the Cold Weaponry of Armed Mithril, due to the limited destructive power of the attacking weapons, the system of city-building characterized by high-wall and deep-groove lasted for thousands of years. After the artillery (light chamber) appeared, the tall walls began to play