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目的了解全球基金疟疾项目启动前枣阳市疟疾流行情况和实际发病人数,以及疟防措施落实情况。方法按照《全球基金疟疾基线调查技术方法》,根据近3年的疟疾疫情,采用分层随机不等比例抽样法。结果走访群众4 803人,发现病例70人,正规治疗率5.71%(4/70),疟史休治率12.85%(9/70),疫情报告率14.29%(10/70)。门诊抗疟处方疫情报告率19.48%(52/267),血检阳性疫情报告率93.54%(333/356);居民和中小学生的疟防知识知晓率分别为24.09%(285/1 182)和67.54%(514/761);居民蚊帐使用率为95.34%(4 579人/4 803)。9个村共有14个乡村医生,其中11个人经过培训。中小学生的荧光抗体阳性率1.55%(14/903)。部分门诊血检技能及质量较差。经用捕获-再捕获方法(CMR)估算,该市2002年疟疾发病18102例,是疫情报告数(2 588)的6.99倍。结论现症病人正规治疗率低,疟史病人休治率低,疟疾疫情漏报严重。
Objective To understand the prevalence of malaria and the actual number of malaria cases in Zaoyang before the start of the Global Fund Malaria Project and the implementation of malaria prevention measures. Methods According to the “Global Fund Methodology for Baseline Survey of Malaria”, based on the past three years of malaria epidemic, stratified random sampling method was used. Results A total of 4 803 people were interviewed and 70 cases were found. The regular treatment rate was 5.71% (4/70), the rate of malaria was 12.85% (9/70) and the epidemic rate was 14.29% (10/70). Outpatient anti-malaria prescriptions reported rate of 19.48% (52/267), blood test-positive epidemic reported rate of 93.54% (333/356); residents and primary and secondary malaria awareness rate were 24.09% (285/1 182) and 67.54% (514/761). The utilization rate of mosquito net for residents was 95.34% (4 579 persons / 4 803). There are 14 village doctors in 9 villages, 11 of whom are trained. Primary and secondary students positive rate of fluorescent antibody 1.55% (14/903). Some out-patient blood test skills and poor quality. Estimated by the capture-recapture method (CMR), 18,102 malaria cases were reported in 2002 in the city, 6.99 times of the number reported (2 588). Conclusions The prevalence of formal treatment in patients with low morbidity is low. The treatment rate of patients with history of malaria is low, and the malaria epidemic is negligible.