传统的教学观认为 ,教材内容就是教学内容 ,强调教师的教学要“源于教材”、“忠于教材” ,不能“脱离教材”、“超越教材” ,这种观念将教学内容绝对教材化了。有专家经过调查研究尖锐地指出 ,现在有不少教师离开了教科书 ,就不知道教什么 ;离开了教参 ,就不知道怎么上课 ;离 The traditional concept of teaching believes that the content of teaching materials is the content of teaching. It emphasizes that teachers’ teaching must be “derived from teaching materials” and “loyal to teaching materials” and cannot “get out of the teaching materials” and “beyond the teaching materials”. This concept will definitely teach the content of teaching materials. Some experts have pointed out sharply that after investigations, many teachers have left the textbooks and they do not know what to teach. Without teachings, they do not know how to attend classes.