感染性心内膜炎(IE)是病原微生物以各种感染途径经血流直接侵犯心内膜并在其上繁殖的一种严重感染性疾病。病死率可高达30%左右。30多年来,该病在流行病学,易感因素,病原学,临床表现方面有较大变化,诊断技术及治疗措施有较大进展,现介绍如下。一、流行病学及易感因素流行病学表现为:①发病年龄增高:过去平均30～50岁,现1/4超过60岁。②男性患者比例增加,过去男女之比为2∶1,现60岁以上男女之比可达 Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious infectious disease in which pathogenic microorganisms directly invade and multiply on the endocardium via the bloodstream by various routes of infection. Case fatality rate can be as high as 30%. More than 30 years, the disease in epidemiology, predisposing factors, etiology, clinical manifestations have a greater change, diagnosis techniques and treatment measures have made great progress, are presented below. First, epidemiological and predisposing factors Epidemiological manifestations: ① increased age of onset: the past average of 30 to 50 years old, now 1/4 over 60 years old. ② the proportion of male patients increased, the ratio of men and women in the past is 2: 1, the ratio of men and women over 60 are up