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平板闸门是水利水电工程中最为常用的一种水工建筑结构。由于水流经过门槽时,流态复杂,易产生空化空蚀破坏,从而影响闸门的安全运行。该文采用SST k-紊流模型对门槽的水力特性进行了研究,主要内容包括:不同来流条件下门槽宽深比对门槽内旋涡负压值和位置、门槽边壁负压值和位置的作用;门槽内旋涡负压与边壁负压的相关性;不同来流条件下,门槽的错距比及宽深比对下游一次和二次分离区负压的影响等。结果表明:来流流速对门槽内旋涡负压、边壁负压和下游分离区负压都有很强的作用;随着宽深比的增加,旋涡中心负压值呈先增加后下降趋势,在宽深比为1.5附近达到最大值;旋涡中心点位置与门槽的宽深比和流速相关,而门槽边壁负压点位置主要与其宽深比相关;门槽中心的旋涡负压与门槽内边壁负压之间有很强的线性相关性,斜率约为0.813;门槽下游斜坡的设置可以有效地改善一次分离区的负压;一次和二次分离区负压同时达到最小的错距比大致为0.03–0.04。
Flat gate is the most commonly used hydraulic and hydraulic construction of a hydraulic structure. As the water flow through the gate slot, the flow of complex, prone to cavitation erosion damage, thus affecting the safe operation of the gate. In this paper, the SST k-turbulence model is used to study the hydraulic characteristics of the gate. The main contents include: the ratio of gate width to depth, the negative pressure value and position of the vortex in the gate, The role of the position; Vortex negative pressure within the gate and the negative correlation wall; under different conditions, the gap between the gate slot width and depth ratio of the negative pressure on the downstream and secondary separation zone. The results show that the flow velocity has a strong effect on the vortex negative pressure, the negative pressure in the sidewall and the negative pressure in the downstream separation zone. With the width-to-depth ratio increasing, the negative pressure in the vortex center firstly increases and then decreases, The width-to-depth ratio is about 1.5. The vortex center position is related to the width-to-depth ratio of the gate groove and the flow velocity, while the position of the negative pressure point on the sidewall of the gate groove is mainly related to the aspect ratio. There is a strong linear correlation between the negative pressure inside the inner wall of the door groove and the slope is about 0.813; the setting of the downstream slope of the door groove can effectively improve the negative pressure in the primary separation area; meanwhile, the negative pressure in the primary and secondary separation areas reaches the minimum simultaneously The wrong ratio is roughly 0.03-0.04.