引言在加拿大北极地区和东海岸附近海域,日益增多的海运和勘探活动迫切需要研制一种能探测冰山和海上冰块并进行分类的先进的船用雷达系统。现有的船用雷达系统不适于这种应用,不能提供现代船舶用户所需要的探测或冰块分类能力。尽管机载合成孔径雷达确实可以提供许多必需的功能,但是船方需要的是一种指定用于船上的全天候探测设备。为了研究和开发更好韵冰区导航技术和系统,加拿大渔业与海洋部和Mc Master大学通信研究实验室已从事一系列现场试验和理论研究。本文所叙述的、其中最新的一次试验就是双极化冰区导航雷达在北极的装船试验。事实上在冰块大量出现和覆盖的区域,存在着两种不同的导航问题。在开阔的水域,要 Introduction Increasing maritime and exploration activities in Canada’s Arctic and east coast areas urgently require the development of an advanced marine radar system capable of detecting and classifying icebergs and sea ice. Existing marine radar systems are not suitable for such applications and do not provide the capabilities of detection or ice sorting needed by modern ship users. While airborne synthetic aperture radar does provide many of the necessary features, what the ship needs is an all-weather detection device designated for use on board. In order to research and develop better Yun ice navigation technology and systems, the Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans and Mc Master University Communications Research Laboratory has conducted a series of field experiments and theoretical studies. Described in this article, the latest of which is the trial of dual-polar ice navigation radar in the Arctic. In fact there are two different types of navigation problems in areas where ice is abundant and covered. In the open water, want