当前,由于透析疗法的开展,高效抗菌素的应用以及医护技术的提高,急性肾衰竭的死亡率是有所下降了。急性肾衰竭是一种很严重的疾患,肾衰竭症象一出现就必须作出短暂性或长期性治疗的正确计划。诚然,许多急性肾衰竭病例在临床上是能够根据病史和体检立即明确诊断的,但是,部份病例要作出确诊并不容易。对于这些确诊困难的病例,有时需要作些特殊检查:包括尿沉渣检查,测定尿液中与血浆中尿素的比例,尿液中与血浆中渗透 At present, the mortality rate of acute renal failure is decreased due to the development of dialysis therapy, the application of high effective antibiotics and the improvement of medical technology. Acute renal failure is a very serious condition and as soon as renal failure manifests it is the right plan to make a transient or long-term treatment. It is true that many cases of acute renal failure are clinically immediately diagnosed on the basis of medical history and physical examination. However, it is not easy to diagnose some cases. For these diagnosed cases, special tests are sometimes required: including urinary sediment tests, determination of urine to plasma urea ratio, urine to plasma penetration