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认为传统的科研绩效定量评价指标,如发文量、被引频次、引用率,由于受规模效应以及学科引用差异的影响,在不同团体或不同学科间并不具备可比性。通过引入个体、整体以及比较基准的概念,应用归一化方法,得出具有可比性的3个绩效评价指标:产出指数、影响指数、效率指数。为说明3个绩效指标的实用价值及有效性,给出机构以及国家层面的绩效水平评价实例。最后,分析讨论这3个指标在表征个体绩效水平变化方面所具有的优势以及推广应用的可能性。
It is considered that the traditional quantitative evaluation indicators of scientific research performance, such as the number of published papers, the frequency of citation and the reference rate, are not comparable among different groups or disciplines because of the scale effect and the difference of subject reference. Through the introduction of the concepts of individual, whole and comparative benchmark, we apply the normalization method to get three comparable performance evaluation indexes: output index, impact index and efficiency index. To illustrate the practical value and effectiveness of the three performance indicators, an example of evaluation of performance levels at both the institutional and national levels is given. Finally, the paper analyzes and discusses the advantages of these three indexes in characterizing the changes of individual performance level and the possibility of popularization and application.