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“考察”一词有两层意思:一是实地观察、调查;二是深入分析研究。在古代汉语中,“考”有考察和考核的意思。如《书·周官》:“又六年,王乃时巡,考制度于四岳。”上例中的“考”是考察的意思。《书·舜典》:“三载考绩。”《礼·燕义》:“考其义而进退之。”上例中的“考”是考核的意思。“察”有观察的意思。如《易·系辞上》:“仰以观于天文,俯以察于地理。”又有考核调查的意思。如《论语·卫灵公》:“众恶之,必察焉;众好之,必察焉。”
The term “study” has two meanings: one is field observation and investigation; the other is analysis and research in depth. In ancient Chinese, “test” has the meaning of inspection and assessment. Such as “Book Weekly Officer”: “Another six years, Wang Naishi patrol, test system in Si Yue.” The above example “test” is the meaning of inspection. “Book Shun Code”: “three contained performance.” “Yan Yan Yi”: “test its meaning and advance and retreat.” In the above example, “test” is the meaning of assessment. “Observation” has the meaning of observation. Such as “easy copulative”: “Yang view of astronomy, overlooking the geography.” Another assessment of the meaning of the investigation. Such as “The Analects of Confucius Wei Ling”: “evil, must inspect Yan; all good, must inspect Yan.”