作者报告一母子皆患肾肿瘤的病例,母患肾细胞癌,子(4岁)患肾母细胞瘤。并讨论了以下几个问题:(1)肿瘤发生的因素:认为正常细胞的恶变,是遗传易感性和环境因素的联合作用。遗传因素最高的是视网膜母细胞瘤,其中40％的病例是常染色体显性遗传。属于原发遗传的泌尿生殖系肿瘤,常伴有生殖泌尿系畸形,提示畸形的发生和癌症的发生之间有联系。相同组织类型肿瘤的遗传型比散发型发病年龄早,常为两侧性和多灶性,且有较高的家族性发病率。(2)肾细胞癌的发病率世界各地不同,最高的是丹麦,每年7/10万人,炼焦炉工人和机械工作者发病尤高。(3)遗传型肾细胞癌有某些遗传机制。一种常染色体显性遗传的 Von Hippel-Lindau 综合征中,肾细胞癌的发生率为10％～25％,且常为双侧和多灶性。肾细胞癌单基因遗传比特异性肾细胞癌体质、3和8染色体间平衡易位多见。文献曾报告10例家族性肾细胞癌三代遗传患者,5例 The authors report a case of both mother and child suffering from renal tumors, mother and child renal cell carcinoma, children (4 years old) suffering from blastoma. And discussed the following questions: (1) tumorigenesis factors: the malignant transformation of normal cells, is a combination of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. The most genetic cause of retinoblastoma, of which 40% of cases are autosomal dominant. Belonging to the primary genetic genitourinary tumors, often accompanied by genitourinary deformity, suggesting that the occurrence of deformity and cancer are linked between the occurrence. The same type of tissue tumors than the genetic type of sporadic onset age, often bilateral and multifocal, and have a higher familial morbidity. (2) The incidence of renal cell carcinoma is different in different parts of the world. The highest in Denmark is 7/10 million per annum. Coke oven workers and mechanical workers have a particularly high incidence. (3) Genetic-type renal cell carcinoma has some genetic mechanisms. In an autosomal dominant Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, the incidence of renal cell carcinoma is 10% to 25% and is often bilateral and multifocal. Renal cell carcinoma single-gene inheritance Specific renal cell carcinoma body, 3 and 8 balance between the more common chromosomal translocation. Literature has reported 10 cases of familial renal cell carcinoma three generations of genetic patients, 5 cases