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1.材料为1960～1961年杂交的三个组合。选用的亲本,为生产应用的两个主要类型(普通型、珍珠豆型)。这两个类型的品种,在生态和生物学特性上都有比较明显的区别。采用这两个类型进行品种间有性杂交,选出的优良品种也较多。 2.花生性状遗传力的大小,在不同的估算方法(广义法及上下代亲子相关法)间,除总分枝、总果枝出入较大外,其他几个性状都有大体一致的趋势。百果重、饱果数、单株结果数、生育日数、主茎高等性状遗传力较高,秕果数、单株产量等性状的遗传力较低。 3.单株产量,从世代间(F_(2-3))的遗传力来看是很弱的,因此,对于单株产量的选拔标准不宜控制过严,特别是双亲生态型相差悬殊的组合,更有必要放宽选拔的标准。此性状于第二代通过直接选择是无效的,但与单株产量有密切关系的却有几个性状,如单株结果数、饱果数等。因此,通过间接性状的选择,亦可能选择出单株生产力高的优良品系。 4.产量与其他性状的相关性表明,单株结果数越多,产量越高,饱果数越多,产量越高,说明果多果饱是决定产量高低的主要因素。 5.利用变异系数的平方代替相应的变量来估算广义遗传力,可以起到一定的矫正作用。
1 material for the three combinations of hybrids from 1960 to 1961. Selection of parents, production and application of the two main types (ordinary type, pearl bean type). The two types of varieties, there are more obvious differences in ecological and biological characteristics. Using these two types of sexual hybridization between varieties, selected more varieties of good. The heritability of peanut traits, in different estimation methods (generalized method and the parent-child relationship between the previous and next generation), with the exception of the total branches, the total fruiting branches out of a larger, the other several traits have a generally consistent trend. Fruit weight, full number of fruit, the number of fruit per plant, the number of days of birth, higher stem trait heritability higher, fruit number, yield per plant and other traits of heritability lower. Yield per plant, from the heritability (F_ (2-3)) of the heritability is very weak, therefore, the selection criteria for the yield per plant should not be controlled too strict, especially the parents of ecotypes of a very different combination , It is more necessary to relax the selection criteria. This trait was invalid by direct selection in the second generation, but there are several traits closely related to the yield per plant, such as the number of plants per plant and the number of full fruit. Therefore, through the selection of indirect traits, it is possible to select a good line with high plant productivity. The correlation between yield and other traits showed that the higher the number of fruit per plant, the higher the yield, the higher the number of full fruit and the higher the yield, indicating that more fruit is the main factor that determines the yield. 5. The use of the square of the coefficient of variation instead of the corresponding variables to estimate the generalized heritability, can play a corrective role.