本文统计分析了浙医二院1980.1.1～1984.12.31五年间收治并经病理切片证实的270例直肠癌的误诊情况。其中误诊145例,占53.70％,确诊24例,仅占8.89％,此外尚有101例患者未及时就诊,占37.41％。这些病人事实上也延误了诊治。本文探讨了误诊的标准,并提出以出现症状到确定直肠癌诊断的时间超过一个月作为误诊的观点。 This article statistically analyzed the misdiagnosis of 270 cases of rectal cancer diagnosed in the second hospital of Zhejiang University from 1980.1.1 to 1984.12.31 and confirmed by pathological section. Among them, 145 cases were misdiagnosed, accounting for 53.70%, and 24 cases were diagnosed, accounting for only 8.89%. In addition, there were still 101 patients who did not seek treatment in time, accounting for 37.41%. In fact, these patients also delayed treatment. This article explores the criteria for misdiagnosis and suggests that the diagnosis of rectal cancer should take more than one month to diagnose misdiagnosis.