论文部分内容阅读
1. content adj. 满意的；满足的 vt. 使满意；满足 n. 内容；所包含之物
He is content despite his great poverty. 他虽然很穷，但很满足。
Can you tell me the content of the box? 你能告诉我盒子里装的什么吗？
拓展 be content with=be satisfied with 对……满意
content oneself with 使某人自己对……感到满足
contents 目录
2. entertain vt. & vi. 使欢乐；招待；款待
He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes. 他给我们讲故事、说笑话，让我们高兴了好几个小时。
We were all entertained by his humorous stories. 他的幽默故事使我们大家都很开心。
拓展 entertain sb to sth 用……招待/款待某人
entertaining adj. 使人愉快的；有趣的
entertainment n. 款待；娱乐；消遣
3. failure n. 失败；失败的经历；失败的人或事
I became successful after many failures. 在多次失败后，我终于成功了。
The new restaurant was a failure and soon closed. 那家新饭店经营不善，不久便关门了。
拓展 fail in 失败；不及格；不足；缺乏
fail to do sth 未能做某事；没有
4. convince vt. 使确信；使信服
I’m firmly convinced that you are innocent. 我坚信你是无辜的。
It’s hard to convince my family that we can’t afford a new car. 很难让我的家人相信我们买不起新车。
拓展 convincing adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的
convinced adj. 感到信服的；相信的
be convinced of sth/that 确信；坚信
convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
convince sb of sth/that 使某人相信……
5. direct vt. &vi. 导演；指示；指挥 adj.直接的；笔直的；坦率的
He directed many plays in London. 他在伦敦导演过许多戏剧。
The general directed that an advance (should) be made the next morning. 将军命令部队第二天早上向前挺进。
辨析 direct，directly
direct是指不停步，不绕道，直奔目的地。
directly是指一种直接的方式，着重对事物的直接影响；表示时间时，指“立刻，不拖延，一……就……”。
We flew direct from London to New York. 我们直接从伦敦飞到纽约。
You will hear everything directly you come. 你一来就会听到所有的情况了。
6. particular adj. 特别的；特殊的；挑剔的
He loves playing football in particular. 他特别喜欢踢足球。
拓展 be particular about 对……挑剔
in particular = particularly 特别地；特殊地
辨析 particular，especial，special
particular强调与众不同的，“特殊的；挑剔的”。
especial强调的是重要性，“主要的；突出的”。
special强调的是事物特有的性质，性格或专门的目的，用途。
On that particular day, the door was opened. 在那个特别的日子里，这扇门被打开了。
You need not be on diet but be on regulation especial for overfull. 你不必节食，但要饮食有度，不能吃得过饱。
You need a special tool to finish the task. 要完成这一任务，你需要专门的工具。
7. circulate vi. & vt. 循环；传播；流传
Blood circulates through the body. 血液在体内循环。
Gossip tends to circulate quickly. 谣言似乎流传得特别快。
辨析 circulate，spread
circulate既可指某物在物体内循环流动，又可指在一定范围内传播物品，刊物或思想等。
spread指传播疾病，思想文化或谣言。
She was told not to spread/circulate this secret around. 她被告知不要把这个秘密到处宣扬。
The document will be circulated to all members. 这个文件将在所有成员间传阅。
Please open a window to allow the air to circulate. 请打开窗让空气流通。
8. thanks to 由于；多亏；幸亏；归功于
It was thanks to your timely help that we accomplished the task on time. 多亏了你的及时帮助，我们才能按时完成任务。
拓展 because of，owing to，due to，on account of，thanks to
because of强调因果关系,在句中仅作状语。
owing to也可强调因果关系,在句中作状语或表语，放于句首或句末。
due to引出造成后果的原因,在句中作表语、状语或定语。
on account of与because of/owing to同义，但语气较为正式，可作状语或表语，一般不用作定语。
thanks to多表正面意思，相当于感谢，在句中作状语或表语。
We must not get discouraged because of such a minor setback. 我们不能因为很小的阻碍就泄气。
Owing to the storm, they decided to cancel the flight. 因为暴风雨，他们取消了航班。
Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious consequence. 粗心大意导致的错误可能引起很严重的后果。
He could not come on account of his illness. 因为生病他不能来。
Thanks to your advice, much trouble was saved. 多亏你的建议，省去了很多麻烦。
9. cut off 切断（水电的供应）；中断，打断（谈话）；隔离
The water supply has been cut off for several days in the city. 这个城市的水供应已经被切断好几天了。
They were cut off in the middle of their conversation on the phone. 他们在通电话时被中断了。
When the city was cut off, everyone knew that the total defeat was certain. 当城市被隔离时，大家都知道失败已成定局。
拓展 cut down 砍倒；消减；降低
cut in 插嘴
cut across 取捷径；走近路
cut up 切碎
10. pick out 挑出；选出；辨认出某人或某物
She was picked out from hundreds of applicants for the job. 她是从数百位申请这份工作的人里挑选出来的。
He picked out his sister from the crowd. 他从人群中认出了他的姐姐。
拓展 pick on 选择；（作为挨骂或受罚对象）挑中（某人）
pick up 捡起；改良；进步；增加；获得
练习
1. To the surprise of many people, in these decades this city’s population by 10%.
A. gained B. expanded
C. developed D. extended
2. Instead of the windows, the new system used the tunnel fan to air.
A. spread B. distribute
C. circulate D. escape
3. its precedent set by Japan, many of these lessons were quickly put into practice.
A. According to B. As a result of
C. Thanks to D. Judging from
4. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was from the outside world.
A. cut out B. cut off
C. cut up D. cut through
5. This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can my father.
A. find out B. pick out
C. look out D. speak out
6．If we are not the progress we have made, we will have greater success.
A. interested in B. strict in
C. popular with D. content with
7. The famous director, Zhang Yimou, is choosy because he is about every detail in his work and in his production of movies.
A. particular B. ordinary
C. special D. outstanding
8. With the pressure , she was off work for weeks because she couldn’t stand it any more.
A. picking up B. making up
C. building up D. putting up
参考答案
1~4 BCCB 5~8 BDAC
He is content despite his great poverty. 他虽然很穷，但很满足。
Can you tell me the content of the box? 你能告诉我盒子里装的什么吗？
拓展 be content with=be satisfied with 对……满意
content oneself with 使某人自己对……感到满足
contents 目录
2. entertain vt. & vi. 使欢乐；招待；款待
He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes. 他给我们讲故事、说笑话，让我们高兴了好几个小时。
We were all entertained by his humorous stories. 他的幽默故事使我们大家都很开心。
拓展 entertain sb to sth 用……招待/款待某人
entertaining adj. 使人愉快的；有趣的
entertainment n. 款待；娱乐；消遣
3. failure n. 失败；失败的经历；失败的人或事
I became successful after many failures. 在多次失败后，我终于成功了。
The new restaurant was a failure and soon closed. 那家新饭店经营不善，不久便关门了。
拓展 fail in 失败；不及格；不足；缺乏
fail to do sth 未能做某事；没有
4. convince vt. 使确信；使信服
I’m firmly convinced that you are innocent. 我坚信你是无辜的。
It’s hard to convince my family that we can’t afford a new car. 很难让我的家人相信我们买不起新车。
拓展 convincing adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的
convinced adj. 感到信服的；相信的
be convinced of sth/that 确信；坚信
convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
convince sb of sth/that 使某人相信……
5. direct vt. &vi. 导演；指示；指挥 adj.直接的；笔直的；坦率的
He directed many plays in London. 他在伦敦导演过许多戏剧。
The general directed that an advance (should) be made the next morning. 将军命令部队第二天早上向前挺进。
辨析 direct，directly
direct是指不停步，不绕道，直奔目的地。
directly是指一种直接的方式，着重对事物的直接影响；表示时间时，指“立刻，不拖延，一……就……”。
We flew direct from London to New York. 我们直接从伦敦飞到纽约。
You will hear everything directly you come. 你一来就会听到所有的情况了。
6. particular adj. 特别的；特殊的；挑剔的
He loves playing football in particular. 他特别喜欢踢足球。
拓展 be particular about 对……挑剔
in particular = particularly 特别地；特殊地
辨析 particular，especial，special
particular强调与众不同的，“特殊的；挑剔的”。
especial强调的是重要性，“主要的；突出的”。
special强调的是事物特有的性质，性格或专门的目的，用途。
On that particular day, the door was opened. 在那个特别的日子里，这扇门被打开了。
You need not be on diet but be on regulation especial for overfull. 你不必节食，但要饮食有度，不能吃得过饱。
You need a special tool to finish the task. 要完成这一任务，你需要专门的工具。
7. circulate vi. & vt. 循环；传播；流传
Blood circulates through the body. 血液在体内循环。
Gossip tends to circulate quickly. 谣言似乎流传得特别快。
辨析 circulate，spread
circulate既可指某物在物体内循环流动，又可指在一定范围内传播物品，刊物或思想等。
spread指传播疾病，思想文化或谣言。
She was told not to spread/circulate this secret around. 她被告知不要把这个秘密到处宣扬。
The document will be circulated to all members. 这个文件将在所有成员间传阅。
Please open a window to allow the air to circulate. 请打开窗让空气流通。
8. thanks to 由于；多亏；幸亏；归功于
It was thanks to your timely help that we accomplished the task on time. 多亏了你的及时帮助，我们才能按时完成任务。
拓展 because of，owing to，due to，on account of，thanks to
because of强调因果关系,在句中仅作状语。
owing to也可强调因果关系,在句中作状语或表语，放于句首或句末。
due to引出造成后果的原因,在句中作表语、状语或定语。
on account of与because of/owing to同义，但语气较为正式，可作状语或表语，一般不用作定语。
thanks to多表正面意思，相当于感谢，在句中作状语或表语。
We must not get discouraged because of such a minor setback. 我们不能因为很小的阻碍就泄气。
Owing to the storm, they decided to cancel the flight. 因为暴风雨，他们取消了航班。
Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious consequence. 粗心大意导致的错误可能引起很严重的后果。
He could not come on account of his illness. 因为生病他不能来。
Thanks to your advice, much trouble was saved. 多亏你的建议，省去了很多麻烦。
9. cut off 切断（水电的供应）；中断，打断（谈话）；隔离
The water supply has been cut off for several days in the city. 这个城市的水供应已经被切断好几天了。
They were cut off in the middle of their conversation on the phone. 他们在通电话时被中断了。
When the city was cut off, everyone knew that the total defeat was certain. 当城市被隔离时，大家都知道失败已成定局。
拓展 cut down 砍倒；消减；降低
cut in 插嘴
cut across 取捷径；走近路
cut up 切碎
10. pick out 挑出；选出；辨认出某人或某物
She was picked out from hundreds of applicants for the job. 她是从数百位申请这份工作的人里挑选出来的。
He picked out his sister from the crowd. 他从人群中认出了他的姐姐。
拓展 pick on 选择；（作为挨骂或受罚对象）挑中（某人）
pick up 捡起；改良；进步；增加；获得
练习
1. To the surprise of many people, in these decades this city’s population by 10%.
A. gained B. expanded
C. developed D. extended
2. Instead of the windows, the new system used the tunnel fan to air.
A. spread B. distribute
C. circulate D. escape
3. its precedent set by Japan, many of these lessons were quickly put into practice.
A. According to B. As a result of
C. Thanks to D. Judging from
4. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was from the outside world.
A. cut out B. cut off
C. cut up D. cut through
5. This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can my father.
A. find out B. pick out
C. look out D. speak out
6．If we are not the progress we have made, we will have greater success.
A. interested in B. strict in
C. popular with D. content with
7. The famous director, Zhang Yimou, is choosy because he is about every detail in his work and in his production of movies.
A. particular B. ordinary
C. special D. outstanding
8. With the pressure , she was off work for weeks because she couldn’t stand it any more.
A. picking up B. making up
C. building up D. putting up
参考答案
1~4 BCCB 5~8 BDAC