液压单斗挖掘机是一种以土壤为主要工作介质的周期性作业机械。工况恶劣、载荷复杂多变。工作周期内,常出现很大的冲击负荷(见图1和图2)。因此,工作装置的失效,大部分是疲劳破坏。根据日本对中型液压挖掘机故障情况的调查统计,金属材料故障占总故障的35%,而疲劳破坏(裂纹)则占金属材料故障的65%,工作装置的故障约占金属材料故障的60%(包括疲劳、脆性、磨损和变形)。 The hydraulic single bucket excavator is a periodic working machine that uses soil as the main working medium. Poor working conditions and complex and variable loads. During the work cycle, a large shock load often occurs (see Figure 1 and Figure 2). Therefore, the failure of the working device is mostly fatigue failure. According to a survey conducted by Japan on the fault conditions of medium-sized hydraulic excavators, failure of metal materials accounted for 35% of total failures, while fatigue failure (cracking) accounted for 65% of metal failures, and failure of working devices accounted for about 60% of metal failures. (Including fatigue, brittleness, wear and deformation).