消化道平滑肌肿瘤临床少见,其发病率国外占住院病人0.01%,国内为0.019%,而整个消化道肿瘤中,平滑肌肿瘤只占2%。由于其发病率低,症状不典型,临床易发生误诊,尤其合并急性消化道大出血时,更是如此。本文共搜集四所医院消化道平滑肌瘤23例,其中食管平滑肌瘤2例,胃平滑肌瘤3例,肉瘤2例,十二指肠平滑肌瘤5例,肉瘤1例,空肠平滑肌瘤3例,肉瘤4例,直肠平滑肌瘤1例,肉瘤1例。23例中,并发大出血者14例,本文对此14例进行重点分析。一般资科14例中4例病变在胃,6例在十二指肠,4例在空肠。其中平滑肌瘤8例,平滑肌肉瘤6例。14例中,术前只有1例十二指肠平滑肌瘤确诊。胃平滑肌瘤皆误为胃癌,十二指肠平滑肌瘤中1例内镜误为广基息肉,3例诊为消化道出血;1例十二 Digestive tract smooth muscle tumors are rare clinically, the incidence of which accounted for 0.01% of inpatients in foreign countries, 0.019% in the country, and the entire gastrointestinal cancer, smooth muscle tumors accounted for only 2%. Because of its low incidence, symptoms are not typical, clinical misdiagnosis, especially when combined with acute gastrointestinal bleeding. This article collected a total of 23 hospital gastrointestinal leiomyomas in 4 hospitals, including 2 cases of esophageal leiomyoma, 3 cases of gastric leiomyoma, 2 cases of sarcoma, 5 cases of duodenal leiomyoma, 1 case of sarcoma, jejunal smooth muscle There were 3 tumors, 4 sarcomas, 1 rectal leiomyoma, and 1 sarcoma. Among the 23 cases, there were 14 cases of concurrent major bleeding. This article focuses on 14 cases. In general, 4 cases were diagnosed in the stomach, 4 in the duodenum, and 4 in the jejunum. There were 8 cases of leiomyoma and 6 cases of leiomyosarcoma. In 14 cases, only 1 case of duodenal leiomyoma was diagnosed before surgery. Gastric leiomyomas were all mistaken for gastric cancer. One case of duodenal leiomyoma had endoscopic misdiagnosis of wide-based polyps, and 3 cases had gastrointestinal bleeding.