近年来,不少省市数学竞赛及其它类型的考试中出现了关于求含文字系数的一元二次方程整根问题。因这类方程中,含有未知的文字系数,加上方程本身所含的未知数,这样方程中未知数的个数多于方程的个数,因而,必须借助其它条件和采取适当的手段,逐步缩小未知数的讨论范围,从而求出方程的整数解。现将求解这类问题的常见方法介绍如下。 In recent years, many provinces and cities have emerged in mathematics competitions and other types of examinations on the whole root of the one-dimensional quadratic equation with textual coefficients. Because such equations contain unknown word coefficients, plus the unknowns contained in the equation itself, the number of unknowns in the equation is more than the number of equations. Therefore, other conditions must be used and appropriate means must be used to gradually reduce the number of unknowns. The scope of the discussion is to find the integer solution of the equation. The common methods for solving such problems are described below.