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目的了解合肥居民六类健康问题素养水平知识现状,探讨提高合肥居民健康素养水平的途径和方法,为制定和评价合肥居民健康素养政策和干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法在合肥市5个区4个县的街道及乡镇抽取15-69岁居民共1 350人进行健康素养问卷调查。结果在调查的1 350人中,居民健康素养水平为11.4%,具备基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能健康素养水平分别为34.1%、29.6%、16.4%;6类健康问题素养水平由高到低依次为科学健康观58.6%、安全与急救42.9%、传染病防治35.9%、健康信息26.5%、慢性病防治22.6%、基本医疗11.5%。城市居民健康素养水平与农村居民比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);文化程度高的市民健康素养水平与文化程度低的居民比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);年龄较低的市民健康素养水平与年龄较高的市民比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论合肥市居民健康素养水平不高,应加强对合肥市城乡居民基本医疗、慢性病防治、健康信息知识宣传,提高全市居民基本医疗、慢性病防治、健康信息素养知晓水平。
Objective To understand the status quo of knowledge on six kinds of health problems of Hefei residents and to explore ways and means to improve the health literacy of Hefei residents so as to provide basis for formulating and evaluating Hefei residents’ health literacy policies and interventions. Methods A multistage stratified stratified random cluster sampling method was used to sample health literacy questionnaires from 1 350 people aged 15-69 in the streets and townships of 4 counties in 5 districts of Hefei. Results Among the 1 350 people surveyed, the level of health literacy among residents was 11.4%, with basic knowledge and philosophy, healthy lifestyles and behaviors, and basic skills and health literacy levels of 34.1%, 29.6% and 16.4% respectively. Six types of health literacy The levels of scientific health were 58.6%, safety and first aid 42.9%, infectious disease prevention and control 35.9%, health information 26.5%, chronic disease prevention and control 22.6% and basic medical treatment 11.5%. The level of health literacy of urban residents was significantly different from that of rural residents (P <0.01). The level of health literacy of citizens with high education level was significantly lower than that of residents with low education level (P <0.01) The low citizen health literacy level compared with the older citizens, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The level of health literacy in Hefei residents is not high. Hefei should reinforce the knowledge of basic medical care, chronic disease prevention and health information and health information of urban and rural residents in Hefei, and improve the level of awareness of basic medical treatment, chronic disease prevention and health information literacy in Hefei.