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社会保险,作为保障劳动者生活、稳定社会秩序、有利经济发展的必要制度,已为全世界所广泛实行。任何一个国家的社会保险制度都不可能一蹴而就,更不能说已臻完美永不修改。 美国的社会保险制度,在发达国家中可说是个“晚育儿”,它晚于德国的第一个社会保险(工伤保险)制度约80年;而与之相同的则是,其发展是以渐进的立法过程为基础的。美国的《社会保障法》自1935年诞生以来,共修改了70多次,是美国立法史上修改次数最多的法案。 有意思的是,李向阳同志用自家的电脑通过国际互联网,查到了美国社会保障法的发展史,资料来源于美国社会保障署(SSA)统计办公室出版的《社会保障史》。内客虽较简单,但基本上可看出这令60多年重要发展历程的端倪,再加穿插了一些饶有兴味的实例,使人终卷而不觉厌。现经李向阳同志编译,由本刊分两期发表以飨读者。
Social insurance, as a necessary system for safeguarding the life of workers, stabilizing social order and benefiting economic development, has been widely practiced throughout the world. The social insurance system in any country can not be accomplished in one move, let alone perfect. The U.S. social insurance system, which can be described as a “late childbearing” in developed countries, is about 80 years behind Germany’s first social insurance (work-related injury insurance) system. In the same way, its development is based on gradual Based on the legislative process. Since the birth of the Social Security Law in the United States in 1935, the United States has revised more than 70 such bills as the most amended one in the legislative history of the United States. What is interesting is that Comrade Li Xiangyang used his own computer to search the history of the Social Security Law in the United States via the Internet, based on the “Social Security History” published by the Statistical Office of the United States Social Security Agency (SSA). Although the guest is relatively simple, but basically can be seen that this made more than 60 years of important development process of clues, plus interspersed with some interesting examples, the end of the volume but not annoying. Now compiled by Comrade Li Xiangyang, published in two issues by readers to readers.