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目的研究前交叉韧带(ACL)胫骨附着处的解剖形态学特点,并探讨ACL胫骨附着处测量值对选择ACL重建方式的意义。方法对10例福尔马林处理的成人膝关节标本进行解剖。在屈伸膝关节时根据ACL纤维张力区分前内束和后外束,然后从胫骨附着处切断韧带,用Photoshop软件测量附着处的相关数据。结果 ACL存在着两个不同的功能束,即前内束和后外束;胫骨附着处的形状不规则,可分为倒三角形、椭圆形及四边形三种;ACL胫骨附着处的前后径与横径分别为(17.89±2.44)mm、(13.85±1.79)mm;前内束和后外束胫骨附着处的面积分别为(101.18±32.28)mm2、(77.61±19.86)mm2;两束中心点连线的距离为(8.03±1.51)mm。结论本研究改进的数字图像测量方法是一种既实用又廉价的测量方法;ACL胫骨附着处测量值可作为选择ACL重建方式的参考。
Objective To study the anatomical characteristics of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tibial attachment and to explore the significance of ACL tibial attachment measurements on the choice of ACL reconstruction. Methods Ten adult formalin-fixed adult knee specimens were dissected. The flexion and extension of knee joint ACL fibers were divided according to the tension before and after the beam within the beam, and then cut off the ligament from the tibia, with Photoshop software to measure the attachment data. Results There were two different function bundles in ACL, namely anterior and posterior external beam. The shape of tibia attachment was irregular and could be divided into three types: inverted triangle, oval and quadrilateral. ACL anteroposterior diameter and horizontal (17.89 ± 2.44) mm and (13.85 ± 1.79) mm respectively. The areas of the anterior and posterior external tibia were (101.18 ± 32.28) mm2 and (77.61 ± 19.86) mm2, respectively. The distance between lines is (8.03 ± 1.51) mm. Conclusion The improved digital image measurement method in this study is a practical and inexpensive measurement method. The measured value of ACL tibial attachment can be used as a reference for the selection of ACL reconstruction method.