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人类为了维持生命,保证健康长寿,每天需从各种食物中摄取一定数量的蛋白质、脂肪、糖类、维生素、矿物质以及水等营养。米、面、肉、蛋可满足人对蛋白质、脂肪、糖的需求,至于维生素和矿物质大多来源于水果和蔬菜,而蔬菜与水果两者相比,还是蔬菜占主要地位。《书经》说:“谷以养民,菜以佐食”,是很有道理的。一个人长时期不吃青菜,就会出现眼干、夜盲、牙龈出血等现象。公元1519年葡萄牙航海家麦哲伦率领的远征船队,从南美洲东海岸向太平洋进发,航行3个月,没吃到一点青菜,结果使大批船员患了坏血病,200多人仅仅幸存35人。
In order to maintain their health and longevity, human beings need a certain amount of daily intake of protein, fat, sugar, vitamins, minerals and water from various kinds of food. Rice, noodles, meat and eggs satisfy people’s needs for protein, fat and sugar. Vitamins and minerals are mostly derived from fruits and vegetables, while vegetables and fruits dominate. “Book of scriptures” said: “Valley to support the people, food to Zuo Shi” is very reasonable. A long time do not eat vegetables, there will be dry eyes, night blindness, bleeding gums and so on. In 1519, the expeditionary fleet led by the Portuguese navigator Magellan proceeded from the east coast of South America to the Pacific Ocean for three months and did not eat a little green vegetables. As a result, a large number of crew members were suffering from scurvy and only 200 survived 35 people .