在城市建设中,由于规划和使用上的要求,常需在住宅、办公楼、旅馆等房屋的底层布置商店、餐厅、车库等空旷大房间.国内外震害调查表明,底层空旷的多层房屋,由于刚度突变、重心上移、底层刚度过弱等原因,地震时柔性底层往往产生严重破坏或促使整个房屋倒塌.总结震害经验,对底层 In urban construction, due to the requirements of planning and use, it is often necessary to arrange large empty rooms such as shops, restaurants, and garages on the floor of houses such as houses, office buildings, hotels, etc. The earthquake damage investigation at home and abroad shows that the ground floor is empty and multi-storey houses Due to abrupt changes in stiffness, shifting of the center of gravity, and low rigidity of the bottom layer, the flexible bottom layer often causes severe damage or causes the entire house to collapse during an earthquake.