一、前言近年来随着大跨度桥梁、大型海洋构筑物、超高层建筑等大规模、多样化的混凝土结构物的出现,不仅对钢材或混凝土等主要结构材料及其施工技术不断地开展研究,而且在其结构分析理论上也有长足的进展。十九世纪初研究了材料本身的广泛的力学现象或单纯的构件应力和变形,即确立了材料力学基础。到十九世纪末,对框架、拱等较复杂的结构物进行分析的结构力学,以线性弹性力学为基础,并形成体系。在第二次大战后,以创制航空飞机为契机,加上电子计算机的 I. INTRODUCTION In recent years, with the appearance of large-scale and diversified concrete structures such as long-span bridges, large-scale marine structures, and super high-rise buildings, not only major structural materials such as steel or concrete and construction techniques have been continuously studied, but also There has also been considerable progress in its structural analysis theory. At the beginning of the 19th century, the extensive mechanical phenomena of the material itself or the simple component stress and deformation were studied, which established the material mechanics basis. By the end of the nineteenth century, the structural mechanics for the analysis of more complex structures such as frames and arches was based on linear elastic mechanics and formed a system. After the Second World War, with the creation of aviation aircraft as an opportunity, coupled with the use of electronic computers